Palju on räägitud Eesti kui väikse ning avatud majandusega riigi ekspordi tähtsusest rikkuse kogumisel. Teatavasti loovad rikkuse just väliskaubandusbilanss, investeeringud, sisetarbimine ja valitsussektori kulutused. Sellest tulenevalt tekkis mul aga küsimus, kui valitsussektori kulutused peavad olema kooskõlas sissetulekutega; sisetarbimine ei saa tõusta kõrge töötuse tingimustes; välisinvesteeringute sissekantimine on suhteliselt keeruline, kuna kõik riigid võistlevad nende pärast; siis mida saame meie ise ära teha, et Eesti riigi areng ei peatuks, vaid jätkaks 10% tõusu ka tulevikus?
Otsustasin, et võtan laias laastus vaatlusele kaks erinevat eksporditavate hüviste gruppi – tooted ja teenused, ning püüan analüüsida, millised on Eesti ekspordi kitsaskohad ja ka tugevused. Selleks, et võrrelda neid kahte gruppi, otsisin välja mõlema väliskaubandusbilansi taseme elaniku kohta riigis (2000-2009) ja tulemused on järgnevad.
Kaubandusbilanss toodete võrdluses inimese kohta näitab, et Eesti ei jää väga palju maha teistest Balti riikidest, ehk on viimasel ajal isegi jõutud neist ette! Märgin ka siinkohal ära, et peamisteks ekspordiartikliteks Eestis on elektroonikaseadmed, mineraalne kütus, puit ja mööbel. Suurimateks eksporditurgudeks on aga Soome, Rootsi, Läti ja Venemaa. Aga milleks võrrelda end nõrgematega? Euroopa keskmikele jääme alla ja Soomest, meie suurest vennast, ei tasu rääkidagi. Kuidas peaksimegi siis lootma, et Eesti, olles väga väike riik, võiks kunagi rikkaks saada?
Ma arvan, et tegelikult on meil vaid üks võimalus – teenuste eksport. Nagu alljärgnev joonis näitab on Eesti, võrreldes teiste riikidega, väga heal positsioonil teenuste väliskaubandusbilansis. Oleme tunduvalt paremal positsioonil kui ülejäänud Balti riigid ja Euroopa keskmine koos Soomega jäävad meile tugevalt alla. Kas pole see tõestuseks, et peaksime suuremad ressursid suunama teenuste arendamisele ja ekspordile? Milleks toetada traditsioonilisi tööstusi, kus Eesti jääb alla nii tööjõu hinnalt, koguselt kui ka kapitaliseerituselt? Kasutame parem ära oma üliharitud noored, kellel on ambitsiooni, keeleoskusi ja internatsionaalsed suhtelmise kogemused, ning viime Eesti viie rikkaima riigi hulka Euroopas!
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